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Anemometers are used to measure air and gas flows in a variety of applications, including such tasks as the balancing of HVAC systems using hand-held air velocity meters. They are also used in stacks to measure the velocity of wet and dirty gases and in wind detection applications to obtain threedimensional wind velocity profiles using Doppler-type sensors. Anemometer designs include pitot, mechanical (vane, cup, propeller, turbine), thermal, and Doppler types. Pitot tubes and thermal flowmeters are discussed later in this chapter. This section concentrates on the mechanical and Dopplertype anemometers